The History of Iwakuni

(Transcribed from The Torii Teller Vol 44 No 29, July 30, 1999 with permission from the author,
Staff Sergeant Michelle Smith)

  Where waves of the Inland Sea once crashed against a rocky shore, aircraft now roar into
  a cloud-streaked sky.  Where fish once swam, blaring bulldozers tear into the earth and
  construction workers alter the landscape.

  Positioned on a triangular delta of reclaimed land bordered by the Nishiki and Monzen
  Rivers, Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni celebrates 37 years since its designation as an
  air station.

  The history of MCAS Iwakuni goes back years before July 20, 1962.  Its past is a capsule
  of history and a reflection of the course of world events.

  At the beginning of World War II, the Japanese built a Naval Air Station here, which was
  used as a training and defense base.

  That same year, 1940, the city of Iwakuni itself was created by the combination of two
  small towns and three villages.  The largest town, with a recorded history dating back to
  1600, gave its name to the new city-Iwakuni.

  The base, home to 150 Zero Fighter planes, was attacked only once during the course of
  the war, in July 1945.

  With the close of the war, Marines were the first allied forces to hit the beach at Iwakuni.

  The Marines, however, were followed by a succession of allied forces from the United
  States, Britain, New Zealand and Australia, who called Iwakuni home.

  With the kickoff of American involvement in Korea in June 1950, military activity on base
  moved into high gear.  Iwakuni, under U.S. Air Force control, became known as the
  "Gateway to Korea."  Daily, U.S. jets flew combat missions in support of the frontline
  troops and B-26s flew strikes against North Korea.

  Years later, during the Vietnam conflict, Iwakuni again played a vital role in support of
  American combat forces.

  In 1958, the Marine Corps took charge of the base after four years as a U.S. Naval Air
  Station.

  Four years later, the air facility was designated as a Marine Corps Air Station.

  The 1960s, dominated by the Vietnam conflict, were a decade of rapid change at MCAS
  Iwakuni.

  From 1965 until August 1969, the air station's population fell from more than 6,000 to a
  low of about 2,700.

  But the late '60s and '70s witnessed the partial withdrawal of U.S. Marine aviation units
  from Vietnam and an ever increasing number of 1st Marine Air Wing units being deployed
  here.

  In fact, during a six-month period in 1970, the station population more than doubled.

  Today, behind the protection of the seawall, spread over 1,411.85 acres and crisscrossed
  by more than 26 miles of paved roads, more than 2,500 Marines and Sailors carry out the
  mission of the station and its various commands.

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